At one time, the territory of Arima, on the Shimabara Peninsula, was at the height of their prosperity. They carried on independent exchange with European countries in the Warring States Period (the Sengoku Era), and even accomplished great feats, such as meeting the Pope. Why did such a country have to face the tragedy of 37,000 deaths in the Shimabara-Amakusa Uprising? Over the course of 12 chapters, we will trace its history.